Polyglycerol Ester-Based Low Energy Nanoemulsions with Red Raspberry Seed Oil and Fruit Extracts: Formulation Development toward Effective In Vitro/In Vivo Bioperformance

This study focuses on the development of biocompatible oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions based polyglycerol esters, as promising carriers for natural actives: red raspberry seed oil—RO and hydro-glycolic fruit extracts from raspberry—RE French oak—FE. Nanoemulsions were obtained via phase inversion composition (PIC) method at room temperature by dilution microemulsion phase, confirmed visual appearance, percentage transmittance, microscopic, rheological differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) investigations. The results have shown that basic RO-loaded formulation could be further enriched with or oak, while keeping a semi-transparent appearance due to fine droplet size (Z-ave: 50 70 nm, PDI value ≤ 0.1). highest antioxidant activity (~92% inhibition DPPH radical) was achieved in containing both lipophilic (RO) hydrophilic antioxidants (FE), their synergistic effect. nanoemulsion carrier significantly increased selective cytotoxic effect RO towards malignant melanoma (Fem-X) cells, compared normal human keratinocytes (HaCaT). In vivo volunteers showed satisfactory safety profiles significant improvement skin hydration during 2 h after application all nanoemulsions. Therefore, ester-based can promoted effective oil and/or topical formulations intended protection hydration.